A motorboat can maintain a constant speed of 28 miles per hour relative to the water. The boat makes a trip
upstream to a certain point in 35 minutes; the return trip
takes 21 minutes. What is the speed of the current?

7mph

Step-by-step explanation:

Given

Time Taken to go upstream Tup = 35 min

Time Taken to go downstream Tdown=21 min.

Let the absolute speed (i.e speed relative to the stationary riverbed) be :

Vup : going upstream

Vdown: going downstream.

We know that the distance traveled upstream = distance traveled downstream, hence we can equate both distances, i.e. :

Distance Traveled Upstream = Distance Traveled Downstream

Vup · Tup = Vdown · Tdown   (substituting the values for time above)

35Vup = 21Vdown

Vup = (21/35) Vdown (eq 1)

We are also given that the motorboat can travel at V = 28 mph relative to the water.

Since going upstream, we are going AGAINST the current, relative to the riverbed, we expect to be travelling slower. In fact, the absolute difference between the speed relative to the water (i.e V = 28 mph) and the speed relative to the seabed (i.e Vup), is equal to the speed of the current.

The same can be said for going downstream WITH the current, that the absolute difference between V = 28mph and Vdown is also equal to the speed of the current.

Hence we can equate the two:

28 - Vup = Vdown - 28

Vup + Vdown = 2(28)

Vup + Vdown = 56 (eq 2)

If we solve the system of equations (eq 1) and (eq2), we will get

Vup = 21 mph and Vdown = 35 mph

(sanity check tells us that this makes sense because we expect to be going slower upstream because we are going against the current)

Hence current speed

= 28-Vup

= 28 - 21

= 7 mph. (answer)

Sanity Check:

Current speed can also be written:

= Vdown-28

= 35 - 28

= 7 mph (same as what we found above, so this checks out)

answer: domain and range mean all possible values of x and y that could be substituted to the inequality. a solution means all possible values that make the inequality statement true. so while the range is still all real numbers, the solution is the shaded area, for which y will always be greater than the line of the function.