The table shows how many of
each type of fruit are in a fruit
bowl. *
Fruit
Number
Bananas
Oranges
Apples
5
3
What is the ratio of oranges to the
total fruit in the bowl?
5:8
O O
O
O
O
16:5
5:12
5:16
O

Researchers are conducting experiments to determine the role of alcohol in the development of depression. after the study is complete, they determine that the relative risk of developing depression is 1.55 with a 95 % ci of 1.2 -1.9. each group is then divided into nonsmokers and smokers. the relative risk for the nonsmokers is 1.12 with a 95% ci of 0.87-1.37. the relative risk for the smokers is 1.7 with a 95 % cl of 1.5-1.9. what type of bias may affect this study? a. procedure bias b. recall bias c. selection bias d. confounding e. lead-time bias