What transformation occurs to f(x) in the function f(x)-7

Can somebody 1. what is the formula for finding the vertical distance between two points on a coordinate plane?

For [tex]f(x) = 4x + 1[/tex] and (x) = [tex]g(x)= x^{2} -5,[/tex] find [tex](\frac{g}{f}) (x)[/tex]a. [tex]\frac{x^{2} - 5 }{4x +1 },x[/tex] ≠ [tex]-\frac{1}{4}[/tex]b. x[tex]\frac{4 x +1 }{x^{2} - 5}, x[/tex] ≠ ± [tex]\sqrt[]{5}[/tex]c. [tex]\frac{4x +1}{x^{2} -5}[/tex]d.[tex]\frac{x^{2} -5 }{4x + 1}[/tex]

Solve 4 ln x=2ln25 a) x=5 b) x=25 c) x=625