"I have already intimated to you the danger of parties in the State, with particular reference to the founding of them on geographical discriminations. Let me now take a more comprehensive view, and warn you in the most solemn manner against the baneful effects of the spirit of party generally."

—George Washington

What is this message warning about, which American leaders ignored?

a) partaking in foreign conflicts
b) the creation of political parties
c) establishing a two-term presidency
d) the establishment of a national bank