Occurs when the effects of an independent variable and an uncontrolled variable are intertwined, so one cannot determine which of the variables is responsible for a particular observed effect on a dependent variable.

"Confounding Variable"

Step-by-step explanation:

According to my research on statistical studies, I can say that based on the information provided within the question the term being defined in the question is called a "Confounding Variable". This is a variable that affects both the dependent variable and independent variable, this then causes a confusion in their relationship.

I hope this answered your question. If you have any more questions feel free to ask away at .

since your problem is x^4 = 81, what you have to undeo is the "to the fourth power" part.

the inverse (opposite operation) of "to the fourth power" is "to the fourth root".

  (x^4) ^ ¼   = 81 ^ ¼  

  81 = 3^4     so (3 ^ 4) ^ ¼   =   3 ^ 1   = 3

by hand: (3 ^ 4) ^ ¼   =   3 ^ (4 x ¼) = 3 ^ 1   = 3   (when you take a power to a power, multiply the exponents.)

or, do it by calculator. one way of finding the fourth root is to use ^ (1/4)

step-by-step explanation:

true

step-by-step explanation: