The question asks me to increase 540 by 15% how do i do that

There’s a few ways to do it. First you can take 15% and then add it on to 540:
15% = 15/100 = 3/20
Divide 540 by 20 = 27
Then multiply 27 by 3 = 81
540 + 81 = 621

OR

There’s a quicker way where you can just multiply 540 by 1.15 to get 621.
The way to think about it is if you’re increasing, you always multiply it by 1.(%)

What the proper work

Can you provide the tape diagram?