1. Alexander Maconochie A. strongly believed in indeterminate sentencing

2. 2004 Parole Board Survey conducted by the Association of Paroling Authorities International (APAI)

B. stated that 50 state boards have 30 that still have almost full discretion or operate with some limits

3. Zebulon Brockway

C. eliminated federal parole

4. Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984

D. believed that no inmate released from harsh prison life would be successful at reintegrating into society