Chromatography
Explanation:
Mikhail Semyonovich Tswett was a Russian-Italian botanist born on the 14th of May, 1872 in Asti, Italy and died on the 26th of June, 1919 in Voronezh, Russia. He is famously known for his invention of the separation technique called chromatography.
Chromatography was developed in 1903 by the Russian-Italian botanist Mikhail Semyonovich Tswett using a column of calcium carbonate to colourfully separate plant pigments extracted through the use of ether and alcohol, this separation technique is generally referred to as adsorption chromatography.
Hence, Mikhail S. Tswett (1872-1919) realized that chromatography was an efficient method for separating compounds without prior knowledge of the quantities and nature of the chemicals present in a mixture.
Mixture can be defined as a combination of two or more substances which are present in varied proportion and can be visibly seen by with our naked eyes.
In Science, there are two (2) main types of mixture and these are;
I. A homogeneous mixture: it can be defined as any liquid, solid or gaseous mixture which has an identical or uniform composition and properties throughout any given sample of the mixture. In Chemistry, all solutions are considered to be a homogeneous mixture. For example, aqueous hydrogen chloride is a homogeneous mixture of water and hydrogen chloride.
This ultimately implies that, in a homogeneous mixture, parts are uniformly (evenly) distributed.
II. A heterogenous mixture: it can be defined as any mixture which has a different or non-uniform composition and properties throughout any given sample of the mixture. This ultimately implies that, the constituents of a heterogenous mixture always remain separate in the sample and as such comprises of two or more phases.
For example, a mixture of sand and coffee is simply a heterogenous mixture and can easily be separated into their various components.
