Who became the first leader of the muslim community after the death of muhammad?

Which of the following allowed the government to stop a foreigner from becoming a citizen, presidential power to throw anyone he wanted out of the u. s. and that it was a crime to criticize the government? the alien and sedition act the xyz affair the 12th amendment marbury v madison

The black hawk war began (20 points) a. sauk leaders signed the treaty of dancing rabbit creek. b. congress passed the indian removal act. c. the sauk moved onto a village established by white settlers. d. federal officials ordered the removal of all american indians from illinois.

How did the writing of the constitution demonstrate the political process? definition of political process by merriam webster: the process of the formulation and administration of public policy usually by interaction between social groups and political institutions or between political leadership and public opinion.