1. why was justinian’s code created? why was it important? need ! be very cleared and detailed. at least three well written sentences. no guessing,

 The Justinian Code was created in order to create one single set of laws for all of the Byzantine Empire. This code was extremely important because it served as the basis for everyday actions within the empire including marriage, criminal justice, slavery, and property rights. Along with this, the code ended up serving as the basis for the laws of the Byzantine Empire for the next 900 years. Countries all over world use ideas from Justinian Code's in order to form a comprehensive set of laws. The four sections of the code are the Codex Constitutionum, Digesta, Institutiones, and the Novella Constitutiones Post Codicem.

a hypothesis is an expected answer to a question, usually based on some theory or prior research. hypothesis testing is a method of determining the viability of a hypothesis. let’s use the us presidential election as an example. there are many hypotheses (questions) about how people feel or whom they will vote for. the only way to know the 100% “truth” about the answers to these questions is to ask every single possible voter – something that is impossible, expensive, time consuming etc. instead, we take samples and use statistics to make “best guesses” about the answer to a particular hypothesis. we never know for sure if our conclusion is right at the time we accept/reject it, but these techniques, when used appropriately can get us close to the truth most of the time (which is a lot better than guessing, flipping coins or throwing darts to get answers).

the tricky part about hypothesis testing is that we have to think somewhat backwards about it – we have to test what is known as the “null hypothesis”. as an example, the hypothesis might be “obama is more popular than romney” while the null hypothesis is “there is no difference in popularity between obama and romney”. we focus on the null hypothesis because it tells us exactly what the expected value of our tests should be (obama popularity = romney popularity) and we can collect data and see if it comes out that way (see next section on “significance”). if it does, then we “accept the null hypothesis” and reject our original hypothesis. if the null hypothesis is disproven, we look at the data to see if our original hypothesis holds (obama> romney).