Which 19th-century author is generally credited with creating the genre of
the detective novel?
(a) edgar allan poe
(b) herman melville
(c) nathaniel hawthorne
(d) james fennimore cooper
(e) ralph waldo emerson

What was one reason that southern states passed laws after 1800 to discourage manumission? 1)southern whites feared that freed blacks would seek revenge for past treatment as slaves. 2) northern leaders pressured southerners to liberate enslaved people. 3)southern states needed an inexpensive labor force to work in southern factories. 4)northern whites had sold their slaves to southerners before slavery was banned in the north.