“every year the king of the country of ta-shih (the arabs of the khalif empire) who is styled su-tan (sultan) sends tribute-bearers, and if in the country some trouble is apprehended, he gets the ta-shih to use their military force in restoring the products of the country consist in opaque glass, corals, raw gold, brocades, sarcenets, red cornelian stones and real pearls” - chinese official letter documenting the song and yuan dynasties, translated and published in china and the roman orient: researches into their ancient and mediaeval relations as represented in old chinese records, published 1885 this passage best demonstrates which of these? a) the military conquest of asia by the chinese b) the growing influence of chinese buddhism on the western world c) the commercial interactions between china and the western world d) the attempt of sultans to create military alliances with song dynasty

Examine the dates in this timeline: • 1918: the ottoman empire loses control of iraq to the britishfollowing world war i.• 1932: the kingdom of iraq is granted its independence from greatbritain• 1945: mustafa barzani leads a failed rebellion against the iraqigovernment• 1948: the al-wathbah uprising results in protests against the iraqigovernment before it is violently suppressed.• 1958: the kingdom of iraq is overthrown by military leaders whoestablish the republic of iraq,• 1980: iraq invades iran, launching the iran iraq war.• 1990: iraq invades kuwait but is defeated by united nations forcesled by the united states.• 2003: the united states and its allies invade iraq and remove itsdictator, saddam hussein. which title would best suit the period in iraqi history from 1980 through1990? a. the era of political instability and protestb. the era of american involvementc. the era of iraqi aggressiond. the era of early iraqi independence