How did popes in the 11th century use excommunication and interdict as political tools?

The congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defence and general welfare of the united states . .; to borrow money on the credit of the united states; to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the indian tribes. —constitution of the united states, article i, section 8 which of these are expressed powers granted by this part of article i, section 8? check all that apply. lay and collect taxes and duties pay debts regulate american indian groups regulate commerce within states borrow money regulate commerce with foreign nations

Describe the difference between absolute and relative chronologies. if you were describing a series of events in your life, how could you describe them in two ways?

Britan saw its colonists as a soucre of