The conquest of one culture by another usually resulted in all of the following, except
a) adoption of cultural characteristics of the vanquished by the conquerors
b) adoption of cultural characteristics of the conquerors by the vanquished
c) extermination of the vanquished by the conquerors
d) enslavement of the vanquished by conquerors

for starters, there is the structural trend of rising primary government expenditure as a share of gdp, which reached 36% in 2014, up from 22% in 1991. this increase reflected a political desire to address the poverty and inequality that had gone unaddressed during previous decades. to support the increase, brazil’s government increased taxes on consumption and promoted progress toward labor-market formalization. nonetheless, public investment, particularly in infrastructure, took a hit. in fact, with the exception of the 2005-2008 period, total investment as a share of gdp has remained below 20% since 1991.

social contract theory, nearly as old as philosophy itself, is the view that persons' moral and/or political obligations are dependent upon a contract or agreement among them to form the society in which they live