How, in the face of powerful forces that tended to keep india fragmented, did two great empires—the mauryan empire of the fourth to second centuries b. c.e. and the gupta empire of the fourth to sixth centuries c. e.—succeed in unifying much of india?

On account of as of now having extraordinary riches, an exhortation from a Brahmin, and successors to continue growing, the originator of the Mauryan Empire extended it; they likewise utilized their armed force to keep control. The Gupta began in a similar area and had awesome riches too; they likewise did a comparable thing to the Maurya, similar to gather immense agrarian duties.