History, 18.07.2019 02:00 jack487

Three arguments against agricultural subsidies

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Agricultural subsidies are supposed to lower food prices and help farmers. However, they don't always do either. Moreover, lower food prices and more farmers have their own social costs.

The truth is that all across the world farmers are getting more efficient and can grow and harvest more crops with fewer people. That isn't about to change any time soon, and there's very little government can do about it.

There are several ways you can go about subsidizing agriculture, for example:
Direct cash payments to farmersQuotas and production controlsLabor lawsTax creditsProviding water and electricity at reduced pricesAnd so forth.

The problem is that, as time goes on, everyone gets used to the system and it gets out of whack with actual demand. For example, tobacco use has been steadily dropping, but tobacco farmers still get subsidies (either to grow or not to grow) and the Western nations grow tobacco to export (along with the health detriment, which is now hitting Africa and China).

As another example, corn is cheap, but the U.S. produces about five times as much now as it did in 1940, although the population has only doubled. As such, a lot of it is just fed to livestock. More problematically, a lot of it is exported to Mexico, where corn can be grown more cheaply, but can't be sold against subsidized American corn, which costs less.

Here in Canada, there is a quota system for dairy which means we don't produce much surplus. However, at retail, milk cost about twice here what it does in the U.S. We can't figure out how to dismantle the system so at least milk will cost about the same as it does in other countries. Trying to dismantle the system might be more expensive than leaving it in place. It might also mean more milk is produced than is consumed, which would again push the market out of whack.

Answer from: sarath30

Arguments against agricultural subsidies: 1) subsidies discourages competition and an efficient production; 2) very rich farmers receives subsidies, which funds are originated in the taxes payed by regular, non-rich people; 3) Cuts to subsidies would help reducing the federal deficit.

Answer from: Quest

Minecraft is the answer hehehhege

Answer from: Quest

the bar kochba rebellion (132-135) against the roman empire, also known as the second jewish-roman war, was the second major jewish revolt in judea and the last of the great jewish-roman wars.

after the first jewish-roman war of the years 66-73, the roman authorities took measures to crush any new attempt of rebellion in judea. his political situation was modified and instead of a prefect a governor of praetorian rank was appointed, and in the ruins of jerusalem the seat of a complete roman legion, the legio x fretensis was established.

the political and religious direction of the jewish people was left in the hands of the sanhedrin, with initial headquarters in yavne.

the direct causes of the rebellion vary according to the source. the roman historian dio cassius (155-229) attributes the revolt to the decision of hadrian to found in the place of jerusalem a roman city called aelia capitolina (aelia by its own name and capitolina in honor of the roman god jupiter). on the other hand, the jewish sources, while recognizing this resolution as true, assign higher priority to the decrees dictated by hadrian that forbade the brit milah (circumcision), the respect of the sabbath and the laws of purity in the family.

hadrian's intention was to "civilize" and incorporate the jews once and for all into the greco-roman culture. for greek and roman culture, circumcision was an intolerable mutilation.

the jewish tradition tells in the midrash tanjuma a meeting between rabbi akiva and the governor turnus rufus, where he asked for an explanation about the circumcision.

an additional legion, the legio vi ferrata, moved to the province to maintain order, and work began in the year 131 after the governor of judea, turnus rufus performed the founding ceremony of aelia capitolina. a roman coin with the inscription aelia capitolina was struck in the year 132.

the tannaim rabbi akiva, who without being named nasi directed the sanhedrin, convinced the other members to support the imminent rebellion.

the jewish leaders carefully planned the second rebellion to avoid the numerous errors that had been committed in the first one. in the year 132 the rebellion led by bar kochba quickly expanded from modiim throughout the country, defeating the x roman legion based in jerusalem and destroying the xxii roman legion that had come from egypt.