An estimated 50,000 slaves escaped as a direct impact of: lax laws relating to slave ownership mismanagement of the transportion of slaves the underground railroad human rights campaigns in the south.

increasing defense spending.

explanation:

frederick william of brandenburg-prussia trained his son, frederick, to be a hardy soldier. but frederick disliked rifle shooting and horseback riding. unlike his father, he was interested in french literature. he enjoyed poetry and music and, like some others of the enlightenment, he scoffed at religion. his father thought him soft, frivolous and unmindful of his duties. and when frederick refused to put his signature on a right to succession, for a few moments his father strangled him.