Battle of Bloody MarshThe decisive battle during the War of Jenkins Ear where the Georgia colonists stopped a Spanish invasion of St. Simmons Island. After this battle Spain never physically attacked Georgia again.Buffer ColonyOne of three reasons for Georgia's founding; colony was to serve as a defensive buffer between Spanish Florida and the successful English colony of South Carolina.CharityOne of the three reasons for Georgia's founding. James Oglethorpe and the trustees hoped to bring debtors and England's "worthy poor" to the colony to begin new lives. However, no debtor was ever released from debtors' prison to come to Georgia.Charter of 1732The document that formally established the colony of Georgia; outlines the reasons for Georgia's founding and the regulations set up by the trustees.DebtorSomeone who owed more money to creditors than they had. In 18th Century England, creditors could have those who owed them money that could not pay it back immediately placed in debtor's prisons. James Oglethorpe had a friend who died in a debtors' prison and fought for prison reform in England.De factoA term which means in practice but not necessarily ordained by law. In James Oglethorpe's case, he was never officially proclaimed a leader or governor of Georgia, but was the only trustee to come to the colony who took on the position.DefenseOne of the reasons for Georgia's founding. See buffer colony.EconomicsOne of the three reasons for Georgia's founding. The English hoped that Georgia would be able to produce wine, rice, silk, and indigo.Highland ScotsFrom the Highlands of Scotland and known as some of the best fighters in Europe in the 1700's. James Oglethorpe brought a group to Georgia to serve as soldiers for the colony. The Highland Scots founded the town of Darien.IncentivesEconomic incentives are factors both financial and nonfinancial that motivate a particular course of action. In the Georgia colony there were several incentives that the trustees offered potential colonists. These included 50 acres of land, agricultural tools, and enough food for one year.MalcontentA group of colonists who complained about the trustee regulations for the Georgia colony; primary complaint was the ban on slavery and rum. Eventually the malcontents got their way as liquor and slavery were allowed in Georgia in the 1750s.Mulberry TreesUsed in the production of silk. The silk worms were placed on the trees and used the leaves as food. The Georgia colonists were required to set aside a portion of their land to grow the trees.Musgrove, MaryCreek Indian woman who served as the translator for James Oglethorpe and Yamacraw Chief Tomochichi.Oglethorpe, JamesOne of the 21 members of the trustees who established Georgia; only trustee to come to the colony and served as the de facto military and governmental leader of the colony.Royal governorGovernor appointed by the English Monarch to run a colony. Georgia had three royal governors. They were John Reynolds, Henry Ellis, and James Wright.Royal period (colony)The royal period in Georgia beginning in 1752 after the trustees gave authority of the colony to the king. The royal period lasted until the Treaty of Paris ended the American Revolution in 1783.SalzburgersA group of Protestants from Austria who were invited to settle in Georgia due to religious persecution they were experiencing in Europe; established the towns of Ebenezer and New Ebenezer; were some of the most successful colonists.SavannahThe first capital of Georgia; founded in 1733 by James Oglethorpe.TomochichiWas the Chief of the Yamacraw Indians. Tomochichi befriended James Oglethorpe and allowed him to establish the colony of Georgia on Yamacraw territory.TrusteeAn individual or organization which holds or manages and invests assets for the benefit of another. A group of 21 men who established the colony of Georgia. Of the group, only one, James Oglethorpe, came to the colony.Trustee periodThe time period when Georgia was governed by the trustees. The trustees created many regulations during the time period, including a ban on slavery, liquor and liquor dealers, lawyers, and Catholics.War of Jenkins EarA conflict between England and Spain over naval rights. The war was named after Captain Robert Jenkins who had his ear cut off by the Spanish and showed his severed ear to the British Parliament. The world -wide conflict made its way to Georgia where the Spanish and English fought in the New World. James Oglethorpe made two unsuccessful attempts to capture St. Augustine and the Spanish failed to capture Georgia.Yeomen farmerA freeman who owned his own land, usually small farms, and usually with no slaves; trustees hoped that the Georgia colonists would meet these qualifications
