What effects did the growth of railroads have on business and society

a: initiated standardized time and consolidation of materials
b: reduced numbers of businesses and increased transportation costs
c: decreased businesses through overuse of natural resources
d: reduced population and consumption along the railway lines.

i do believe its (d) it allowed the government to offer pioneers sixty acres of western land if they lived on it and made improvements to it.

explanation: signed into law in may 1862, the homestead act opened up settlement in the western united states, allowing any american, including freed slaves, to put in a claim for up to 160 free acres of federal land. by the end of the civil war, 15,000 homestead claims had been established, and more followed in the postwar years

the carthaginian general hannibal