What is a deviation in statistics

Which of the following factors would be a likely reason for low population density

If the united states became a "majority-minority” nation, o whites would be the majority, but there would still be ethnic minorities. there would be an equal number of whites and ethnic minorities. othere would be more ethnic minorities in the population than whites. o no one would be considered white or part of an ethnic minority group.

True or false: abraham lincoln delayed the emancipation proclamation to make sure the border states would stay loyal. *