The essential element of geography called “physical systems” focuses on the study of a. the regions that people create by grouping areas together b. the earth’s natural environments and the systems that shape them c. the locations of places in relation to one another d. the cultures that people create

The correct answer is B. The Earth’s natural environments and the systems that shape them

Explanation:

In geography, which refers to the study of land and other phenomena on the Earth, the "physical systems" are environments that are part of Earth and therefore, are formed through different components or elements and related to other geographical features or systems that shape them. These systems differ from human systems because physical systems are natural and not created by human civilizations and allow geographers to understand certain geographical features on Earth such as temperature or weather by understanding each physical system and its relationship with others. Thus, "physical systems" focus on the study of the Earth's natural environments and the systems that shape them.

warfare was the primary means of cultural transmission in both regions.