Who were known as "carpetbaggers" and "scalawags"? northern confederates who tried to take over southern lands and businesses after the war northerners who tried to make money off the dire situation in the south and southerners who did the same southern ruffians, usually retired from the confederate army, who wrought havoc in political meetings violent southerners who terrorized blacks to keep them uneducated, poor, and out of politics

The correct answer is: "Northerners who tried to make money off the dire situation in the South and Southerners who did the same".

Carpetbagger is a pejorative term that was used by former Confederates in the US Southern states, after the US Civil war, to refer to population from Northern states who had moved to the South.

On the other hand, scalawag was also a pejorative form of denominating  Southerners who joined the power structures imposed from the Union forces that had won the war.

in mcculloch v. maryland (1819) the supreme court ruled that congress had implied powers under the necessary and proper clause of article i, section 8 of the constitution to create the second bank of the united states and that the state of maryland lacked the power to tax the bank.

gibbons v. ogden, (1824), was a landmark decision in which the supreme court of the united states held that the power to regulate interstate commerce, granted to congress by the commerce clause of the united states constitution, encompassed the power to regulate navigation.