What is nullification? What problems did it cause?

Nullification was the increase in Tariffs by 50%, imposed by the Federal Government. It caused problems because people knew it would lead to poverty, as it did. They believed it would bring poverty to the Southern area as they had far more agriculture.

Originally, the tariffs were considered “protective” in nature. Tariffs are the taxes levied on foreign goods or imported products.

The 1828 Tariff Abominations increased the tariffs up to 50%, thus igniting the nullification crisis.

In 1832, the Committee of Manufacturers, headed by John Quincy Adams, drafted a new tariff bill to control the growing protest from the South. On July 14, 1832, the Tariff of 1832 that reduced the tariff rates to 35% was passed, yet it failed to pacify southern protesters.

On November 24, 1832, the South Carolina legislature passed the Ordinance of Nullification voiding the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 applicable within its borders. The Nullification Crisis flared up. As a result, President Andrew Jackson issued the Nullification Proclamation to the people of South Carolina on December 10, 1832. It was meant to highlight federal rights over the state’s rights on the issue of tariffs. President Jackson fiercely ordered the collection of duties starting from Charleston.

As a result, Calhoun admitted the authorship of the Exposition and Protest during the Nullification Crisis. He was the first US Vice President to resign as a form of protest against President Jackson and led the South Carolina Legislature.

On March 2, 1833, the Congress gave President Jackson greater power through the Force Bill. The bill authorized the use of military power against resisting states and rejected the Doctrine of Nullification.

Together with Calhoun, Henry Clay proposed the Compromise Tariff and it was passed the same month. It ended the Nullification Crisis with the lowering of tariff rates up to 20-25%. It became the foundation of Henry Clay’s American System in reference to the US economic plan.

The Nullification Crisis was considered the first sectional conflict between the states of the north and south. The demarcation line on issues of slavery soon led to the American Civil War in 1861.

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Website link below where it in order:
https://kidskonnect.com/history/nullification-crisis/

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