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How did membership in NATO affect Canada’s foreign policy?
The Cold war

— Well NATO is a major contributor to international peace and security and is the cornerstone of Canadian security and defence policy. ... This goal drives all of Canada's efforts on NATO transformation, reform and partnerships with non-NATO countries. It was Canada's first peacetime military alliance. It placed the country in a defensive security arrangement with the United States, Britain, and Western Europe. ... During the Cold War, NATO forces provided a frontline deterrence against the Soviet Union and its satellite states.

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ghana achieved independence peacefully, while algeria gained independence through an armed struggle.