The framers of the Constitution wanted to ensure that Congress could not involve itself in the states'
internal affairs. Nonetheless, the Supreme Court's
expansive interpretation of the commerce clause
has allowed Congress to control virtually all eco-
nomic activities, even those carried out strictly
within each state's borders. Do you think this is a
fair exercise of congressional power?

booker t. washington was an educator who established the tuskegee institute. washington argued that african americans should learn trades that would offer them the opportunity to be progressive citizens. instead of fighting against discrimination, washington argued that african americans should use their education and knowledge to become self-sufficient in american society and not in competition with white americans.

w.e.b du bois was the founder of the niagara movement and later the naacp, du bois disagreed with washington. he argued that african americans should consistently fight for racial equality.

ida b. wells was a journalist who wrote about the horrors of lynching in the south. wells work could be considered muckraking as it led to the development of the anti-lynching campaign.

1. explain aspects of the democratic process as it was developed in ancient athens

2. trace the roots of the americans political process to ancient athens

3. explain the relationship of citizens to the political process