Which country established the first colonies in the americas?

The spanish

The Spanish were among the first Europeans to explore the New World and the first to settle in the United States.The first colony was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.

the answer is: must pay taxes on profits

since it is considered as a part of your income, profits from investments is eligible for tax payment.

the tax from your investment could be influenced by how long you decided to sell it. united states promotes keeping your investment for long term period. so, the tax rate for investments that you sell in less than one year is typically higher compared to investments that you sell in more than one year period.