What system for selecting party nominees does the passage descrribe?

Open primary

Explanation:

A primary election (primary of nomination), or simply primary, is a choice in which the voters under a jurisdiction select the candidate that a party will present to a later public election. In other words, it is a democratic way of pre-selecting the candidate that a party will present to a certain electoral process. The "Primaries" are more common in the United States, not only for the presidential elections but also to choose the candidates for representatives, senators, mayors and governors, among others, and their origins go back to the progressive movement.

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both are true, the congress does have the power to create banks, even if this power is not specifically described in the constitution, since there is nothing restricting it and there is power given to the congress to make "all laws which shall be necessary and proper". maryland was not allowed to tax a branch of the national bank operating there, and the supreme court decided that no state could. both of these topics were discussed in a decision of the mcculloch v. maryland case in 1819.