why did the French invade Italy in 1494? How did this event trigger Italy's political decline? How did the action of Pope Julius II and the ideas of Niccolo Machiavelli signify a new era in Italian civilization?

The reason that the French invaded Italy was simply because they used to be rulers of Italy. By this invasion, They were trying to expand their territories and also they were trying to claim Italy back.

This caused a political decline in Italy because the French people to some extent and degree still ruled Italy.

The popes action was significant of a new era in Italian civilization through the papacy. The pope was able to secure the papal States of Italy. He drove the invaders out of Italy.  

The ideas of Niccolo was represented in a book. He wrote a book on how rulers ought to behave. Signifying that Italy was getting better in terms of politics.

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