When the government spends money or makes a payment, it is called a(n)
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In the decision for dred scott vs. sanford, (1857) in which a slave petitioned for his freedom in a st. louis court, on the grounds that his owner had taken him into free territory, and thus he ought no longer be regarded as possessing "slave" status, but should be regarded as a free man, the court decided as follows (excerpt): "in the circuit courts of the united states, the record must show that the case is one in which by the constitution and laws of the united states, the court had jurisdiction--and if this does not appear, and the court gives judgment either for plaintiff or defendant, it is error, and the judgment must be reversed by this court--and the parties cannot by consent waive the objection to the jurisdiction of the circuit court. a free negro of the african race, whose ancestors were brought to this country and sold as slaves, is not a 'citizen' within the meaning of the constitution of the united states. when the constitution was adopted, they were not regarded in any of the states as members of the community which constituted the state, and were not numbered among its 'people or citizen.' consequently, the special rights and immunities guarantied to citizens do not apply to them. and not being "citizens" within the meaning of the constitution, they are not entitled to sue in that character in a court of the united states, and the circuit court has not jurisdiction in such a suit. the only two clauses in the constitution which point to this race, treat them as persons whom it was morally lawful to deal in as articles of property and to hold as slaves. since the adoption of the constitution of the united states, no state can by any subsequent law make a foreigner or any other description of persons citizens of the united states, nor entitle them to the rights and privileges secured to citizens by that instrument." why does the court say that the petitioning party in this case had no right to sue for his freedom? a) because he is too young b) because he is from a different state c) because he is "of the african race" with enslaved ancestors d) because he is, properly speaking, within his owner's jurisdiction

Which statement explains why john adams most likely supported the separation of powers between the branches of the new national government? question 1 options: the work of government would be overwhelming for just one branch. the work of government could be accomplished more quickly by three branches. each branch of government would limit the power of the other two. each branch of government could ignore the decisions made by the other two.

Read the following passage. the early mill girls were of different ages. some were not over ten years old; a few were in middle life, but the majority were between the ages of sixteen and twenty-five. the very young girls were called "doffers." they "doffed," or took off, the full bobbins from the spinning frames, and replaced them with empty ones. based on the passage, early mill girls were mostly young. were mostly middle aged. were of a variety of ages. were mostly children.