Explanation:
Communism- the state controls economic activity in the nation. The state rejects free
enterprise system and capitalism; private ownership is discouraged and often
prohibited. Usually nation is ruled by one party system. In theory communism
believes that the country should not have social classes.
2. Socialism- the central government controls the production and distribution of goods,
services, and labor in the nation. The goal is to promote an equitable distribution of
resources among the people. In theory, the working class should take over and
administer collectively the resources for their benefit and the benefit of the national
as a whole.
3. Democracy- government in which the majority rules. It is representative democracy,
in which people elect candidates to represent them in the government.
4. Monarchy- system in which king or queen leads the nation. The monarch can have
supreme powers and become a dictator, or he/she can have limited or ceremonial
powers limited by a parliament or a constitution.
There are three main broad classifications for these forms of government based on
the number of people in power- government by one person, a group, or by many
people:
Ruled by One – one person becomes the supreme leader of the nation. Some terms linked
to this type of government are:
Autocracy- ruler has unlimited power, uses power in an arbitrary manner.
Monarchy- Ruled by king or queen who holds complete control over the subjects.
Ruler sometimes claims birth and divine rights
Dictatorship-The ruler holds absolute power to make laws and to command the
army.
Ruled by Few –Group of influential people takes control of the government.
Theocracy- Ruled by group of religious leaders, e.g., the Taliban in Afghanistan.
Aristocracy- Group of nobles controls the economy and government.
Oligarchy- Small group of powerful and wealthy people rule the nation with
support of the military.
Military- a committee of military officers becomes the rulers of the nation.
Ruled by Many- Citizens of the nation, technically become the government. Citizens elect
members to represent them and become the government.
Democracy- The citizens of the nation directly or through elected members make
important decisions, become part of the government.
Direct Democracy-people determine laws and policies, e.g. town meeting
Indirect Democracy- elect members to represent them
Constitutional Democracy- It is a democratic form of government regulated by a
constitution.
Parliamentarian Monarchy- The monarch shares the power with the parliament.
Often, the powers of the monarch are ceremonial in nature, like in Great Britain.
Federal Republic- A constitutional government in which the powers of the
central government are limited by law to create individual (states or
providences) with certain degrees of self-governing powers, e.g. the
