Can some one help me stat

What stalled germany's initial invasion into france in 1914

Enlightenment thinkers most contributed to the development of whichpolitical idea? a. religious leaders should play the largest role in establishing asociety's laws. b. democratic governments have the responsibility to protect humanrights. c. criminals must be punished harshly if a society is to maintainorder. d. written constitutions place unnecessary restrictions ongovernments' powers.

According to some historians which marks at the beginning of the us civil war