The were the first europeans to encounter north americans.
a. vikings
b. spanish
c. portuguese
d. conquistadors

cherokee and arikara

eiffel tower

explanation:

b toward the volcano.landward. the landward side of something is the side nearest to the land or facing the land, rather than the sea.

lend lease program was passed by congress on march 11, 1941. the president could ship weapons, food, or stuff to any country whose struggle against the axis assisted u.s. defense