How did the spread of muslim rule most effect european leaders?

they tolerated it
they ignorned it
they were understanding of it
they were threatened by it

The spread of Muslim rule was threatening to the European leaders.

The Middle Ages or Medieval Period lasted from the 5th to the 15th century in the history of Europe and it began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire. The Islamic world was at its cultural climax and it provided information and ideas to Europe, thru Andalusia, Sicily and the Crusader kingdoms in the Levant during the high medieval period.

the most famous of all the units fighting in cuba, the "rough riders" was the name given to the first u.s. volunteer cavalry under the leadership of theodore roosevelt. roosevelt resigned his position as assistant secretary of the navy in may 1898 to join the volunteer cavalry. the original plan for this unit called for filling it with men from the indian territory, new mexico, arizona, and oklahoma. however, once roosevelt joined the group, it quickly became the place for a mix of troops ranging from ivy league athletes to glee-club singers to texas rangers and indians.