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History, 02.10.2019 14:30 ERIKALYNN092502

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history essay
my essay is on the roman republic – empire and how it formed and what it was all about and how it others and who was involved. when reading this essay you well learn about augustus caesar and what his part in the empire was, how the republic was made and who and how made it the empire.
augustus caesar became the first emperor of rome. he was born on the 23rd of september 63 bc. he ended up dying august 9th ad 14 at age 75. augustus’s mother was atia balba caesonia. the roman empire was the most extensive political and social structure in western civilization. the roman empire was founded in 27 bc.
by 285 ce the empire had grown too vast to be ruled from the central government at rome. so it was divided by the emperor into a western and eastern empire. in 509 b. c.e the romans had overthrown their etruscans conquerors. after the etruscans had ruled the romans over a hundred years, the romans were free so they established a government. there were high positions held in government, two councils, or leaders who ruled the roman republic.
rome had been founded in 753 b. c.e. the republic had also begun in 509 b. c.e, following the overthrow of lucius tarquinius superbus, the last of rome's seven kings. the roman concept of the citizen evolved during the roman republic and changed significantly during the later roman empire. after the romans freed themselves from the etruscans, they established a republic, and all males over 15 who were descended from the original tribes of rome became citizens.
citizenship varied greatly. the full citizen could vote, marry freeborn persons, and practice trade. some citizens were not allowed to vote or hold public office, but maintained the other rights. a third type of citizen could vote and practice trade, but could not hold office or marry freeborn women. in the late republic, male slaves who were granted their freedom could become full citizens.

the aristocracy dominated the early roman republic. in roman society, the aristocrats were known as patricians. at this time, lower-class citizens, or plebeians, had virtually no say in the government. both men and women were citizens in the roman republic, but only men could vote. tradition dictated that patricians and plebeians should be strictly separated, marriage between the two classes was even prohibited.
occasionally, a war arose that required the decisive leadership of one individual. under these circumstances, the senate and the consuls could appoint a temporary dictator to rule for a limited time until the crisis was resolved. the position of dictator was very undemocratic in nature. indeed, a dictator held all the power, made decisions without any approval, and had full control over the military. the best example of an ideal dictator was a roman citizen named cincinnatus.
the early roman republic often found itself in a state of constant warfare with its surrounding neighbors. in one instance, when the romans were fighting the carthaginians, rome was nearly conquered. the people of carthage were a successful trading civilization whose interests began to make conflict with those of the romans. the two sides fought three bloody wars, known as the punic wars. over the control of trade in the western mediterranean sea. in the second war, hannibal, a carthaginian general, successfully invaded italy by leading an army across the alps. he handed the roman army a crushing defeat but was unable to grasp the city of rome itself.
by the third punic war, rome was ready to end the carthaginian threat for good. the romans burned the city to the ground. legend has it that the romans then poured salt into the soil so that nothing would ever grow there again. carthage was finally defeated, and the roman republic was safe. thus the punic wars ended.
in conclusion, the roman empire was formed and impacted the lives of others and with the of augustus caesar.

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