Why were women and children forced to work during the industrial revolution?

Cost efficiency

Explanation:

Factory owners and managers were willing to hire women and children because the wages were less than a man's wage. This saved them money.

2686-2181 bce-- "egyptian civilization developed along the nile river in large part because the river’s annual flooding ensured reliable, rich soil for growing crops."

1069-664 bce-- "ancient egyptians developed wide-reaching trade networks along the nile, in the red sea, and in the near east."