Which options identify methods for ratifying and amending the constitution? (select all that apply.)
- approving the amendment through judicial review
- introducing legislation into congress
- the president issuing an executive order
- calling an amendment convention

Amending the U.S. Constitution is, by design, a very difficult process. Since the adoption of the Bill of Rights – the first 10 amendments to the Constitution, ratified in 1791 – only 17 amendments have cleared the hurdles necessary to be codified in the nation's founding document, the last of which was ratified in 1992. There are four ways to amend the Constitution, though only two have ever been used