Describe christians' reactions to heretics in the middle ages.

what is the "did this mean" there is no picture. edit your question with a screenshot.

the right answer is the third one: turnpikes went short distances to connect markets. turnpikes, also known as toll roads, were very important for trade and transportation (of people, goods and products) in the 19th century, coinciding with the expansion towards the west. they contributed significantly to the economic development of the united states.