The renaissance and the reformation both caused people to value

abraham lincoln

explanation:

abraham lincoln rejected the final compromise effort to stop the secession movement because it disparaged the gains made by the 1860 election.

yes

explanation:

the fighting words doctrine, in united states constitutional law, is a limitation to freedom of speech as protected by the first amendment to the united states constitution. in 1942, the u.s. supreme court established the doctrine by a 9–0 decision in chaplinsky v. new hampshire.