How does mercantilism compare with a free enterprise system?
a. mercantilism promotes a agricultural economies, while the free enterprises system promotes industrial economies.
b. mercantilism s based on economic regulation, while the free enterprise system is based on economic freedom.
c. mercantilism encourages international trade, while the free enterprise system places limits on import and exports.
d. mercantilism seeks to create a society without classes, while the free enterprise system allows for social inequalities.

The correct answer is B. Mercantilism is based on economic regulation, while the free enterprise system is based on economic freedom.

The mercantilist system poses a strong state intervention in the economy, with production control, tariffs on certain types of goods and limits on the importation of products.

On the other hand, the free enterprise system is an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and autonomous and free of state control business management, where the allocation of productive resources is done in a decentralized manner obeying the decisions of thousands of economic agents who act guided by their own interest.

b) a state law could be declared illegal if it contradicted the constitution.

explanation:

the conflict of this case originated when james w. mcculloch, a cashier of the baltimore branch of the second bank of the united states that the congress had chartered in 1816, refused to pay a tax imposed by the maryland state.

in the case, the state of maryland appealed that the establishment of a second bank was unconstitutional since the constitution didn't say anything about granting that power to congress. however, the case determined that even if such right wasn't specifically stated in the constitution, it was part of the "implied powers" of the government enunciated in article i, section 8.

the case also eliminated maryland's legislation to impose taxes to a national bank, asserting that even though the states retained the power of taxation, the constitution's laws are supreme and can not be controlled by the states, therefore, if a state law contradicts the constitution, it should be declared illegal.

explanation:

a.tensions between the colonial elites and the backcountry men of virginia.