Which of the following describes a factor that motivated 19th-century unification movements in both germany and italy?

a. the spread of nationalist ideas
b. the establishment of napoleon's empire
c. the extension of political suffrage in great britain
d. the end of the industrial revolution

Sole i will mark brainlist to who answer

Describe the views of the federalists. how did they feel about ratifying the constitution.

(100 points) project: progressive era research your topic and write at least seven hundred words to discuss one of the following topics. a. evaluate the impact of progressive era reforms. b. evaluate the impact of progressive reform leaders such as susan b. anthony or robert lafollette. c. evaluate the impact of third parties and their candidates such as h. ross perot and george wallace on america. note: as with any research you do, evaluate the validity of your source: a. who is the author? b. is the author an authority on the subject? c. how does the author use language? d. what sources appear in the author's work? e. from what you know or have learned about the author, is the presentation inappropriately biased?