(blank) is the russian word that was used to describe the increased openness in soviet society in the 1980s.

The Soviet Communist Party leader in the period from 1985 to 1991, Mikhail Gorbachev, wanted to reform the Soviet Union and communism. It was necessary to change the attitude towards the emerging global situation, and because of the demands of the political and social conditions of the USSR. He did this through perestroika and glasnost, which led to the end of the Soviet Union, the Warsaw Pact and communism. In connection with this opening to the world, the term glasnost (гласност) was used, which is the Russian word for openness.

separation of powers, therefore, refers to the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising the core functions of another.   the intent is to prevent the concentration of power and provide for checks and balances.  

the traditional characterizations of the powers of the branches of american government are:

* the legislative branch is responsible for enacting the laws of the state and appropriating the money necessary to operate the government.

* the executive branch is responsible for implementing and administering the public policy enacted and funded by the legislative branch.

* the judicial branch is responsible for interpreting the constitution and laws and applying their interpretations to controversies brought before it.

forty state constitutions specify that government be divided into three branches:   legislative, executive and judicial.   california illustrates this approach; "the powers of state government are legislative, executive, and judicial.   persons charged with the exercise of one power may not exercise either of the others except as permitted by this constitution."

while separation of powers is key to the workings of american government, no democratic system exists with an absolute separation of powers or an absolute lack of separation of powers. governmental powers and responsibilities intentionally overlap; they are too complex and interrelated to be neatly compartmentalized. as a result, there is an inherent measure of competition and conflict

minnesota:   minnesota house research,   separation of powers: when statutes and court rules conflict, 2005