How did the boundaries of the united states change between 1812 and 1821

The united states government was in debt from its beginning. how did the u. s. get into debt, and whom did it owe money?

In ohio in 1872, the cleveland massacre was a violent labor dispute at standard oil refineries in cleveland. a takeover by standard oil of the refineries in cleveland. an attempt to stop standard oil from becoming a monopoly. a failed attempt by standard oil to take over other refineries.

How did the protestant reformation and scientific revolution advance individualism and liberal reforms?