Who benefited the most from the head-right system?

Plantation owners.

Explanation:

Head-right is legal grant of land to settlers. Plantation owners benefited when they paid for the transportation of imported enslaved people. Because headrights were granted to those who payed to import enslaved people. That's why they were an important part for the colonies stabilisation.

the correct answer is “opportunity cost”. opportunity cost is what a company misses out because it decided in one option over another one. in this case, the company decided to invest in building a factory so it gave up another possible benefit or profit in order to achieve success with the factory.  

trade-off is not the correct answer since it is a situation in which you accept losing something in return for benefits in other areas.

and finally, consequence is a general term used to accept what it comes when you make a decision. it can be a positive or negative consequence depending if the decision you took was the correct one.  

b.

one company controls all the means of production of a product.

~coco