Describe why the founders of the united states believed that people accused of a crime must receive due process of law. what was the basis of the constitutional rights given to the accused?

Back before the founders had decided on the rights given to the accused, the government would accuse people of crimes that they did not commit and then have those people convicted in unfair trials. The founders believed that if they were to make a new government they would make sure that the citizens would several different protections for those accused of a crime. The founders would make sure that the new government would be fair to all accused and give them a fair trial as to make sure that any innocent citizens would not get the punishment for something they did not do. The Constitution helps keep the balancing between liberty and order although it leans more towards order at times. The Constitution also tips more to the accused, trying to help them make sure that they are to get the correct punishment and fair judging. The basis of the constitutional rights given to the accused is...

The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized. 
-Fourth Amendment U.S. Constitution

No person shall be held to answer for a capital,or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury . . . nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall he be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law . . .
-Fifth Amendment 

In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury . . . and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witness against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining Witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defense.
-Sixth Amendment 

 Nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law . . .
-Fourteenth Amendment 

Hope I helped!