When was the last time the united states fought an all-out conventional war that required a military draft and the full mobilization of the country's industrial capacity?

the right answer is the third one: turnpikes went short distances to connect markets. turnpikes, also known as toll roads, were very important for trade and transportation (of people, goods and products) in the 19th century, coinciding with the expansion towards the west. they contributed significantly to the economic development of the united states.