1. )which of the following has caused u. s states to sometime have very different laws on the same topic?
a.) the constitution requires that states not have exactly the same laws
b.) states legislators often try to avoid repeating the wording of other states laws
c.) all differences in state laws have been left over from colonial days
d.) citizens of each states often have differing opinions as to what should become law
2.) the federal government withholding funding in order to force states to comply with federal regulations falls under which category of federalism?
a.) dual federalism
b.) fiscal federalism
c.) layered federalism
d.) unitary federalism
3.) the tenth amendment to the u. s constitution states "the powers no delegated to the united states by the constitution nor prohibited by it to the states are reserved to the states respectively or to the people" what effect does this have on local governments?
a.) it causes local governments to take on many day to day responsibilities
b.) it makes the federal government small in scale when compared to state governments
c.) it drive competition between state governments competing for international funds
d.) it is the reason that state officials are often absent from their official duties

1. )which of the following has caused U.S states to sometime have very different laws on the same topic?

Considering that, because of how the the U.S. Government works, laws can widely vary from State to State. People have different opinions and groups might organize themselves in very different ways. Considering this, the correct answer is:

d.) citizens of each states often have differing opinions as to what should become law

2.) the federal government withholding funding in order to force states to comply with federal regulations falls under which category of federalism?

If the government is withholding, it is also the one making the distribution of income, which consists in a fiscal situation. That leads us to answer

b.) fiscal federalism

3.) the tenth amendment to the U.S constitution states "The powers no delegated to the united states by the constitution nor prohibited by it to the states are reserved to the states respectively or to the people" what effect does this have on local governments?

The texts means that everything that is not in the constitution is left for the States and the people of the country to take care of, including urban organization, public building maintenance and so on

a.) it causes local governments to take on many day to day responsibilities

since most of current immigration into the u.s., both legal and illegal, is coming from latin america. it would be very difficult to imagine or rationalize a country my fellow citizens are trying desperately to flee into, would pose a threat to my prosperity or freedom. since the u.s. has a long history of intervention, but no record of permanent occupation, i would not feel oppression is the main objective.  

the largest free trade nation, along with the largest gdp in the world wanting to expand it's economic policy on us, and including us, could only be positive. the u.s. government has no interest in, or way of simply forcing american culture on us. and has no track record of it. other nations that adopted american social culture, or "americanization" did so voluntarily, mainly through the choice of allowing american businesses and u.s. citizens to come into their nations, as free operatives.