Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, Soviet Russia, and Fascist Italy can all be considered totalitarian states—a state where the ruling party attempted to achieve total control over the political, cultural, and economic life of its citizens.

1.3.6 practice: examining the founding principles the declaration of independence we hold these truths to be self- evident, that all men are created equal. that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.- that to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,- that whenever any form of governments becomes destructive of thee ends, it is right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its power in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness . summary

Read the following passage from muir's "calypso borealis" and respond to the prompt. [2] the rarest and most beautiful of the flowering plants i discovered on this first grand excursion was calypso borealis (the hider of the north). i had been fording streams more and more difficult to cross and wading bogs and swamps that seemed more and more extensive and more difficult to force one's way through. entering one of these great tamarac and arbor-vitae swamps one morning, holding a general though very crooked course by compass, struggling through tangled drooping branches and over and under broad heaps of fallen trees, i began to fear that i would not be able to reach dry ground before dark, and therefore would have to pass the night in the swamp and began, faint and hungry, to plan a nest of branches on one of the largest trees or windfalls like a monkey's nest, or eagle's, or indian's in the flooded forests of the orinoco described by humboldt. [3] but when the sun was getting low and everything seemed most bewildering and discouraging, i found beautiful calypso on the mossy bank of a stream, growing not in the ground but on a bed of yellow mosses in which its small white bulb had found a soft nest and from which its one leaf and one flower sprung. the flower was white and made the impression of the utmost simple purity like a snowflower. no other bloom was near it, for the bog a short distance below the surface was still frozen, and the water was ice cold. it seemed the most spiritual of all the flower people i had ever met. i sat down beside it and fairly cried for joy. how do authors communicate their tone in a piece of writing? identify the tone (or tones) of this passage. explain how the tone(s) is created, providing at least two examples from the passage and explaining how each contributes specifically to the tone(s) you identified. your response should be a paragraph of 5–7 sentences.

"is lobbying good or bad for democracy? why? " write one to two paragraphs totaling at least five sentences in response to the prompt.