What happened in the Middle East, that interrupted the Islamic Empires and thus interrupted the first Golden Age from the Ottoman Golden Age?

Here’s the first one let me send the next page of the passage

The maps below show the middle east. which best explains how the green areas depicted in the image on the left are reflected in the population map on the right? populations are greater in fertile areas that are close to freshwater sources, which is why more people live near deserts. populations are greater in fertile areas that are close to freshwater sources, which is why more people live near oceans. populations are greater in fertile areas that are close to freshwater sources, which is why more people live near mountains. populations are greater in fertile areas that are close to freshwater sources, which is why more people live near rivers. plz hurry in test only have 34 mins left

Which of the following events happen during president hardings term? a) the supreme court decided to break up large corporations. b) the supreme court strength and state laws protection labor union. c) the supreme court ruled in favor of extended regulations of child labor. d)the supreme court made it easier for large businesses to operate.