What is it called when individuals and companies control the economy rather than governments?

Capitalism

Capitalism is an economic system in which private individuals or businesses own capital economic system in which private individuals or businesses own capital goods. The production of goods and services is based on supply and demand in the general market

apartheid, (afrikaans: “apartness”) policy that governed relations between south africa's white minority and nonwhite majority and sanctioned racial segregation and political and economic discrimination against nonwhites. people should not get this wrong. i was just answering a question.