What was the subject of the most debate between large and small states at the Constitutional Convention?

Large states favored representation by population, while small states argued for equal representation by State. The "Great Compromise" allowed for both by establishing the House of Representatives, which was apportioned by populations, and the Senate which represented the states equally.

Explanation:

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zoom in on the bill of rights. the other side was just as divided: some antifederalists opposed the constitution only because it lacked a bill of rights, and others opposed it on other grounds and merely used the bill of rights as an excuse to campaign against it.